functional block diagram 3 state buffers auto blank control 10-bit current output dac 5k data ready int. clock 10-bit sar b & c comparator temperature compensated buried zener reference and dac control 13 14 15 msb lsb 17 16 10 11 12 blank & convert control v+ v digital common analog in analog common bipolar offset control bit outputs ad571 data ready 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 18 1 a 10-bit a/d converter ad571* features complete a/d converter with reference and clock fast successive approximation conversion: 40 m s max no missing codes over temperature 0 8 c to +70 8 c: ad571k C55 8 c to +125 8 c: ad571s digital multiplexing: three-state outputs 18-pin ceramic dip low cost monolithic construction product description the ad571 is an 10-bit successive approximation a/d con- verter consisting of a dac, voltage reference, clock, compara- tor, successive approximation register and output buffersall fabricated on a single chip. no external components are re- quired to perform a full accuracy 10-bit conversion in 40 m s. operating on supplies of +5 v to +15 v and C15 v, the ad571 will accepts analog inputs of 0 v to +10 v unipolar of 5 v bipolar, externally selectable. when the blank and con vert input is driven low, the three-state outputs will be open and a conversion will commence. upon completion of the conversion, the data ready line goes low and the data ap- pears at the output. pulling the blank and convert input high blanks the outputs and readies the device for the next con- version. the ad571 executes a true 10-bit conversion with no missing codes in 40 m s maximum. the ad571 is available in two version for the 0 c to +70 c temperature range, the ad571j and k. the ad571s guarantees 10-bit accuracy and no missing codes from C55 c to +125 c. * covered by patent nos. 3,940,760; 4,213,806; 4,136,349. rev. a information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices. one technology way, p.o. box 9106, norwood, ma 02062-9106, u.s.a. tel: 617/329-4700 fax: 617/326-8703 product highlights 1. the ad571 is a complete 10-bit a/d converter. no external components are required to perform a conversion. full-scale calibration accuracy of 0.3% is achieved without external trims. 2. the ad571 is a single chip device employing the most ad- vanced ic processing techniques. thus, the user has at his disposal a truly precision component with the reliability and low cost inherent in monolithic construction, 3. the ad571 accepts either unipolar (0 v to +10 v) or bipolar (C5 v to +5 v) analog inputs by grounding or opening a single pin. 4. the device offers true 10-bit accuracy and exhibits no miss- ing codes over its entire operating temperature range. 5. operation is guaranteed with C15 v and +5 v or +15 v sup- plies. the device will also operate with a C12 v supply.
ad571Cspecifications (t a = +25 8 c, v+ = +5 v, vC = C12 v or C15 v, all voltages measured with respect to digital common, unless otherwise noted) rev. a C2C ad571j ad571k ad571s model min typ max min typ max min typ max units resolution 10 10 10 bits relative accuracy, t a 6 1 6 1/2 6 1 lsb t min to t max 6 1 6 1/2 6 1 lsb full-scale calibration 2 2 2 lsb unipolar offset 6 1 6 1/2 6 1 lsb bipolar offset 6 1 6 1/2 6 1 lsb differential nonlineairty, t a 10 10 10 bits t min to t max 91010 bits temperature range 0 +70 0 +70 C55 +125 c temperature coefficients unipolar offset 6 2 6 1 6 2 lsb bipolar offset 6 2 6 1 6 2 lsb full-scale calibration 2 6 4 6 2 6 5 lsb power supply rejection cmos positive supply +13.5 v v + +16.5 v C C C 6 1 C C C lsb ttl positive supply +4.5 v v + +5.5 v 6 2 6 1 6 2 lsb negative supply C16.0 v v C C13.5 v 6 2 6 1 6 2 lsb analog input impedance 3.0 5.0 7.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 k w analog input ranges unipolar 0 +10 0 +10 0 +10 v bipolar C5 +5 C5 +5 C5 +5 v output coding unipolar positive true binary positive true binary positive true binary bipolar positive true offset binary positive true offset binary positive true offset binary logic output output sink current (v out = 0.4 v max, t min to t max ) 3.2 3.2 3.2 ma output source current 1 (v out = 2.4 v max, t min to t max ) 0.5 0.5 0.5 ma output leakage 6 40 6 40 6 40 m a logic input input current 6 100 6 100 6 100 m a logic 1 2.0 2.0 2.0 v logic 0 0.8 0.8 0.8 v conversion time, t min to t max 15 25 40 15 25 40 15 25 40 m s power supply v+ +4.5 +5.0 +7.0 +4.5 +5.0 +16.5 +4.5 +5.0 +7.0 v vC C12.0 C15 C16.5 C12.0 C15 C16.5 C12.0 C15 C16.5 v operating current v+ 7 10 7 10 7 10 ma vC 9 15 9 15 9 15 ma package option 2 ceramic dip (d-18) ad571jd ad571kd ad571sd notes 1 the data output lines have active pull-ups to source 0.5 ma. the data ready line is open collector with a nominal 6 k w internal pull-up resistor. 2 for details on grade and package offerings for sd-grade in accordance with mil-std-883, refer to analog devices military products databook or current /883b data sheet. specifications subject to change without notice. specifications shown in boldface are tested on all production units at final electrical test. results from those tests are used to calculate outgoing quality levels. all min and max specifications are guaranteed, although only those shown in boldface are tested on all production units.
ad571 rev. a C3C absolute maximum ratings v+ to digital common ad571j . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 v to +7 v ad571k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 v to +16.5 v vC to digital common . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 v to C16.0 v analog common to digital common . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 v analog input to analog common . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 v control inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 v to v+ digital outputs (blank mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 v to v+ power dissipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800 mw circuit description the ad571 is a complete 10-bit a/d converter which requires no external components to provide the complete successive- approximation analog-to-digital conversion function. a block diagram of the ad571 is shown on front page of this data sheet. upon receipt of the convert command, the internal 10-bit current output dac is sequenced by the i 2 l successive- approximation register (sar) from its most-significant bit (msb) to least-significant bit (lsb) to provide an output cur- rent which accurately balances the input signal current through the 5 k w input resistor. the comparator determines whether the addition of each successively-weighted bit current causes the dac current sum to be greater or less than the input current; if the sum is less the bit is left on, if more, the bit is turned off. af- ter testing all the bits, the sar contains a 10-bit binary code which accurately represents the input signal to within 1/2 lsb (0.05%). upon completion of the sequence, the sar sends out a data ready signal (active low), which also brings the three-state buffers out of their open state, making the bit output lines be- come active high or low, depending on the code in the sar. when the blank and convert line is brought high, the output buffers again go open, and the sar is prepared for another conversion cycle. details of the timing are given in the control and timing section. the temperature compensated buried zener reference provides the primary voltage reference to the dac and guarantees excel- lent stability with both time and temperature. the bipolar offset input controls a switch which allows the positive bipolar offset current (exactly equal to the value of the msb less 1/2 lsb) to be injected into the summing (+) node of the comparator to offset the dac output. thus the nominal 0 v to +10 v unipo- lar input range becomes a C5 v to +5 v range. the 5 k w thin- film input resistor is trimmed so that with a full-scale input signal, an input current will be generated which exactly matches the dac output with all bits on. (the input resistor is trimmed slightly low to facilitate user trimming, as discussed on the next page.) power supply selection the ad571 is designed for optimum performance using a +5 v and C15 v supply, for which the ad571j and ad571s are specified. ad571k will also operate with up to a +15 v supply, which allows direct interface to cmos logic. the input logic threshold is a function of v+ as shown in figure 1. the supply current drawn by the device is a function of both v+ and the operating mode (blank or convert). these supply cur- rents variations are shown in figure 2. the supply currents change only moderately over temperature as shown in figure 6. v+ ?volts 9 4 1 516 6 v th volts 7 8 9 101112131415 8 5 3 2 7 6 figure 1. logic threshold (ad571k only) v+/v??volts 12 4 1 516 678 supply current ?ma 9 101112131415 11 5 3 2 10 6 7 8 9 i? convert mode a in = 0 to +10v i? blank mode i+, convert mode v in = 0v i+, convert mode v in = +10v i+, blank mode 4.5 figure 2. supply currents vs. supply levels and operating modes connecting the ad571 for standard operation the ad571 contains all the active components required to per- form a complete a/d conversion. for most situations, all that is necessary is connection of the power supply (+5 v and C15 v), the analog input, and the conversion start pulse. however, there are some features and special connections which should be consid- ered for optimum performance. the functional pinout is shown in figure 3.
ad571 rev. a C4C bit 9 bit 8 bit 10 (lsb) data ready bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 analog in v bit 7 bit 6 digital com bit 2 blk and conv (msb) bit 1 v+ analog com bipolar off 1 2 18 17 5 6 7 14 13 12 3 4 16 15 8 11 9 10 top view (not to scale) ad571 figure 3. ad571 pin connections full-scale calibration the 5 k w thin-film input resistor is laser trimmed to produce a current which matches the full-scale current of the internal dacplus about 0.3%when a full-scale analog input voltage of 9.990 volts (10 volts1 lsb) is applied at the input. the in- put resistor is trimmed in this way so that if a fine trimming po- tentiometer is inserted in series with the input signal, the input current at the full-scale input voltage can be trimmed down to match the dac full-scale current as precisely as desired. how- ever, for many applications the nominal 9.99 volt full scale can be achieved to sufficient accuracy by simply inserting a 15 w re- sistor in series with the analog input to pin 13. typical full-scale calibration error will then be about 2 lsb or 0.2%. if a more precise calibration is desired, a 50 w trimmer should be used in- stead. set the analog input at 9.990 volts, and set the trimmer so that the output code is just at the transition between 1111111110 and 1111111111. each lsb will then have a weight of 9.766 mv. if a nominal full scale of 10.24 volts is desired (which makes the lsb have a value of exactly 10.00 mv), a 100 w resistor in series with a 100 w trimmer (or a 200 w trim- mer with good resolution) should be used. of course, larger full-scale ranges can be arranged by using a larger input resistor, but linearity and full-scale temperature coefficient may be com- promised if the external resistor becomes a sizable percentage of 5 k w . bit 9 bit 8 bit 10 (lsb) data ready bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 analog in ?5v bit 7 bit 6 digital com bit 2 blk and conv (msb) bit 1 analog com bipolar control 1 2 18 17 5 6 7 14 13 12 3 4 16 15 8 11 9 10 top view (not to scale) ad571 +5v (tolerates 200mv to digital com) r in 15 w fixed or 50 w variable (see text) (short to com for unipolar, open for bipolar) figure 4. standard ad571 connections bipolar operation the standard unipolar 0 v to +10 v range is obtained by short- ing the bipolar offset control pin to digital common. if the pin is left open, the bipolar offset current will be switched into the comparator summing node, giving a C5 v to +5 v range with an offset binary output code. (C5.00 volts in will give a 10-bit code of 0000000000; an input of 0.00 volts results in an output code of 1000000000 and 4.99 volts at the input yields the 1111111111). the bipolar offset control input is not directly ttl compatible, but a ttl interface for logic control can be constructed as shown in figure 5. ad571 b & c dr data d com a com a in bipolar offset control ttl gate 10 bits 5v com +5v 15v com 30k w 3x in4148 use active pull-up gate ?5v figure 5. bipolar offset controlled by logic gate gate output = 1: unipolar 0 vC10 v input range gate output = 0: bipolar 5 v input range common-mode range the ad571 provides separate analog and digital common con- nections. the circuit will operate properly with as much as 200 mv of common-mode range between the two commons. this permits more flexible control of system common bussing and digital and analog returns. in normal operation the analog common terminal may generate transient currents of up to 2 ma during a conversion. in addi- tion, a static current of about 2 ma will flow into analog com- mon in the unipolar mode after a conversion is complete. an additional 1 ma will flow in during a blank interval with zero analog input. the analog common current will be modulated by the variations in input signal. the absolute maximum voltage rating between the two com- mons is 1 volt. we recommend that a parallel pair of back-to- back protection diodes can be connected between the commons if they are not connected locally. supply currents ?ma temperature ? c 11 3 ?0 125 ?5 0 25 50 70 100 10 7 6 5 4 9 8 2 1.5 1 i +15v,c i ?5v,b i ?5v,c i +15v,b i +5v,c i +5v,b c = convert mode b = blank mode figure 6. ad571 power supply current vs. temperature
ad571 rev. a C5C note: during a conversion transient currents from the analog common terminal will disturb the offset voltage. capacitive de- coupling should not be used around the offset network. these transients will settle as appropriate during a conversion. capaci- tive decoupling will pump up and fail to settle resulting in conversion errors. power supply decoupling which returns to analog signal common should go to the signal input side of the resistive offset network. 0000000100 0000000011 0000000010 0000000001 0000000000 0v 10mv 30mv 50mv input voltage output code normal characteristics referred to analog common 0000000100 0000000011 0000000010 0000000001 0000000000 0v 10mv 30mv 50mv input voltage output code offset characteristics with 2.7 w in series with analog common figure 8. ad571 transfer curveunipolar operation (approximate bit weights shown for illustration, nominal bit weights , 9.766 mv) bipolar connection to obtain the bipolar C5 v to +5 v range with an offset binary output code the bipolar offset control pin is left open. a C5.0 volt signal will give a 10-bit code of 0000000000; an in- put of 0.00 volts results in an output code of 1000000000; +4.99 volts at the input yields 1111111111. the nominal trans- fer curve is shown in figure 9. input voltage ?mv 0 ?0 ?0 ?0 0 +10 +20 +30 10000 00000 01111 11111 01111 11110 10000 00010 10000 00001 output code figure 9. ad571 transfer curvebipolar operation zero offset the apparent zero point of the ad571 can be adjusted by inserting an offset voltage between the analog common of the device and the actual signal return or signal common. figure 7 illustrates two methods of providing this offset. figure 7a shows how the converter zero may be offset by up to 3 bits to correct the device initial offset and/or input signal offsets. as shown, the circuit gives approximately symmetrical adjustment in unipolar mode. in bipolar mode r2 should be omitted to obtain a sym- metrical range. ad571 a in a com input signal r1 10 w r2 7.5k w r3 4.7k w r4 10k w signal common +15v zero offset adj 3 bit range ?5v figure 7a. ad571 a in a com input signal signal common r1 2.7 w or 5 w pot 1/2 bit zero offset figure 7b. figure 8 shows the nominal transfer curve near zero for an ad571 in unipolar mode. the code transitions are at the edges of the nominal bit weights. in some applications it will be pref- erable to offset the code transitions so that they fall between the nominal bit weights, as shown in the offset characteristics. this offset can easily be accomplished as shown in figure 7b. at bal- ance (after a conversion) approximately 2 ma flows into the analog common terminal. a 2.7 w resistor in series with this terminal will result in approximately the desired 1/2 bit offset of the transfer characteristics. the nominal 2 ma analog common current is not closely controlled in production. if high accuracy is required, a 5 w potentiometer (connected as a rheostat) can be used as r1. additional negative offset range may be obtained by using larger values of r1. of course, if the zero transition point is changed, the full-scale transition point will also move. thus, if an offset of 1/2 lsb is introduced, full-scale trimming as described on previous page should be done with an analog in- put of 9.985 volts.
ad571 rev. a C6C blank and convert line is driven low and at the end of conversion, which is indicated by data ready going low, the conversion result will be present at the outputs. when this data has been read from the 10-bit bus, blank and convert is restored to the blank mode to clear the data bus for other con- verters. when several ad571s are multiplexed in sequence, a new conversion may be started in one ad571 while data is being read from another. as long as the data is read and the first ad571 is cleared within 15 m s after the start of conversion of the second ad571, no data overlap will occur. figure 11. convert pulse mode figure 12. multiplex mode sample-hold amplifier connection to the ad571 many situations in high-speed acquisition systems or digitizing of rapidly changing signals require a sample-hold amplifier (sha) in front of the a-d converter. the sha can acquire and hold a signal faster than the converter can perform a conversion. a sha can also be used to accurately define the exact point in time at which the signal is sampled. for the ad571, a sha can also serve as a high input impedance buffer. figure 13 shows the ad571 connected to the ad582 mono- lithic sha for high speed signal acquisition. in this configura- tion, the ad582 will acquire a 10 volt signal in less than 10 m s with a droop rate less than 100 m v/ms. the control signals are arranged so that when the control line goes low, the ad 582 is put into the hold mode, and the ad571 will begin its conversion cycle. (the ad582 settles to final value well in advance of the first comparator decision inside the ad571). the data ready line is fed back to the other side of the differential input control gate so that the ad582 cannot come out of the hold mode during the conversion cycle. at the end of the con- version cycle, the data ready line goes low, automatically placing the ad582 back into the sample mode. this feature al- lows simple control of both the sha and the a-d converter with a single line. observe carefully the ground, supply, and by- pass capacitor connections between the two devices. this will minimizes ground noise and interference during the conversion cycle to give the most accurate measurements. control and timing of the ad571 there are several important timing and control features on the ad571 which must be understood precisely to allow optimal interfacing to microprocessor or other types of control systems. all of th ese features are shown in the timing diagram in figure 10. the normal standby situation is shown at the left end of the drawing. the blank and convert (b & c ) line is held high, the output lines will be open, and the data ready ( dr ) line will be high. this mode is the lowest power state of the device (typically 150 mw). when the (b & c ) line is brought low, the conversion cycle is initiated; but the dr and data lines do not change state. when the conversion cycle is complete, the dr line goes low, and within 500 ns, the data lines become active with the new data. about 1.5 m s after the b & c line is again brought high, the dr line will go high and the data lines will go open. when the b & c line is again brought low, a new conversion will begin. the minimum pulse width for the b & c line to blank previous data and start a new conversion is 2 m s. if the b & c line is brought high during a conversion, the conversion will stop, and the dr and data lines will not change. if a 2 m s or longer pulse is applied to the b & c line during a conversion, the converter will clear and start a new conversion cycle. figure 10. ad571 timing and control sequences control modes with blank and convert the timing sequence of the ad571 discussed above allows the device to be easily operated in a variety of systems with differing control modes. the two most common control modes, the con- vert pulse mode and the multiplex mode, are illustrated here. convert pulse modeC in this mode, data is present at the output of the converter at all times except when conversion is taking place. figure 11 illustrates the timing of this mode. the blank and convert line is normally low and conversions are trig- gered by a positive pulse. a typical application for this timing mode is shown in figure 14, in which m p bus interfacing is easily accomplished with three-state buffers. multiplex mode in this mode the outputs are blanked except when the device is selected for conversion and readout; this tim- ing is shown in figure 12. a typical ad571 multiplexing appli- cation is shown in figure 15. this operating mode allows multiple ad571 devices to drive common data lines. all blank and convert lines are held high to keep the outputs blanked. a single ad571 is selected, its
ad571 rev. a C7C figure 13. sample-hold interface to the ad571 interfacing the ad571 to a microprocessor the ad571 can easily be arranged to be driven from standard microprocessor control lines and to present data to any standard microprocessor bus (4-, 8-, 12- or 16-bit) with a minimum of additional control components. the configuration shown in figure 14 is designed to operate with an 8-bit bus and standard 8080 control signals. figure 14. interfacing ad571 to an 8-bit bus (8080 control structure) the input control circuitry shown is required to ensure that the ad571 receives a sufficiently long b & c input pulse. when the converter is ready to start a new conversion, the b & c line is low, and dr is low. to command a conversion, the start ad- dress decode line goes low, followed by wr . the b & c line will now go high, followed about 1.5 m s later by dr . this resets the external flip-flop and brings b & c back to low, which ini- tiates the conversion cycle. at the end of the conversion cycle, the dr line goes low, the data outputs will become active with the new data and the control lines will return to the standby state. the 100 pf capacitor slows down the dr line enough to be used as a latch signal for data outputs. the new data will remain active until a new conversion is commanded. the self- pulsing nature of this circuit guarantees a sufficient convert pulse width. this new data can now be presented to the data bus by en- abling the three-state buffers when desired. a data word (8-bit or 2-bit) is loaded onto the bus when its decoded ad- dress goes low and the rd line goes low. this arrangement presents data to the bus left-justified, with the highest bits in the 8-bit word; a right-justified data arrangement can be set up by a simple re-wiring. polling the converter to determine if conversion is complete can be done by addressing the gate which buffers the dr line, as shown. in this configuration, there is no need for additional buffer register storage: the data can be held indefinitely in the ad571, since the b & c line is continu- ally held low. bus interfacing with a peripheral interface circuit an improved technique for interfacing to a m p bus involves the use of special peripheral interfacing circuits (or i/o devices), such as the mc6821 peripheral interface adapter (pia). shown in figure 15 is a straightforward application of a pia to multi- plex up to 8 ad571 circuits. the ad571 has 3-state outputs, figure 15. multiplexing 8 ad571s using single pia for m p interface. no other logic required (6800 control structure) hence the data bit outputs can be paralleled, provided that only one converter at a time is permitted to be the active state. the data ready output of the ad571 is an open collector with resistor pull-up, thus several dr lines can be wire-ored to allow indication of the status of the selected device. one of the 8-bit ports of the pia is combined with 2 bits from the other port and programmed as a 10-bit input port. the remaining 6 bits of the second port are programmed as outputs and along
ad571 rev. a C8C zero, blanking the previously active port at the same time. sub- sequently, this second device can be read by the microprocessor, and so-forth. the status lines are wire-ored in 2 groups and connected to the two remaining control pins. this allows a con- version status check to be made after a convert command, if necessary. the adcs are divided into two groups to minimize the loading effect of the internal pull-up resistors on the data ready buffers. outline dimensions dimensions shown in inches and (mm). 18-lead ceramic dual-in-line package c457dC4C1/87 printed in u.s.a. with the 2 control bits (which act as outputs), are used to con- trol the 8 ad571s. when a control line is in the 1 or high state, the adc will be automatically blanked. that is, its out- puts will be in the inactive open state. if a single control line is switched low, its adc will convert and the outputs will auto- matically go active when the conversion is complete. the result can then be read from the two peripheral ports; when the next conversion is desired, a different control line can be switched to
analog products -- ad571 page 1 of 1 file://f:\export\projects\bitting2\imaging\bitting\mail_pdf\200\models4.html 5/8/01 package/price information for detailed packaging information, please select the datasheets button. 10-bit, a/d converter, complete with reference and clock * this price is provided for budgetary purposes as recommended list price in u.s. dollars per unit the stated volume. pricing displayed for evaluation boards and kits is based on 1-piece pricing. view pricing and availability (currently available to north american customers) for further information. ?model? status package description pin count temperature range price* (100-499) ?5962-8680202va? ?production? ?s/b or b/b ceramic dip? ?18? ?military? ?$188.74? ?ad571jd? ?production? ?s/b or b/b ceramic dip? ?18? ?commercial? ?$51.58? ?ad571kd? ?production? ?s/b or b/b ceramic dip? ?18? ?commercial? ?$60.10? ?ad571kd/+? ?production? ?s/b or b/b ceramic dip? ?18? ?commercial? ?$94.19? ?AD571SCHIPS? ?production? ?chips/die sales? ?18? ?military? ?$71.83? ?ad571sd? ?production? ?s/b or b/b ceramic dip? ?18? ?military? ?$128.46? ?ad571sd/883b? ?production? ?s/b or b/b ceramic dip? ?18? ?military? ?$180.16?
|
